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For those of you who care, the sun has been catching quite the attitude lately, the main star of attraction being sunspot 1112. Here I have so leisurely put together the archives that date from the beginning of the activity to present day (I will add more to the archive as activity continues).
This ”Sun Journal” contains sources which lead to the Spaceweather website, where NASA instruments have clear footage of the activity mentioned, and the imagery is absolutely free to the public.
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Oct 10 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=10&month=10&year=2010
Emerging sunspot 1112 is connected to a vast network of dark magnetic filaments looping around the sun’s southeastern limb. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory took this picture of the region just hours ago:
Filaments such as these have a habit of erupting. Will the fact that they are rooted in a sunspot make them more–or less–stable? No one knows. The magnetohydrodynamics of sunspots is so complex, not even the most powerful supercomputers on Earth can predict when they will erupt. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor this region for unexpected developments.
Oct 13 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=13&month=10&year=2010
A dark magnetic filament is stretching around the southeastern limb of the sun. “Seeing was poor today at my observatory in Selsey, UK,” reports astrophotographer Pete Lawrence, “but this gorgeous filament made it well worth taking a ride on the atmospheric wobbles.”
Magnetic filaments on the sun have a tendency to erupt. This one is attached to sunspot 1112. Does that make it more–or less–stable? No one knows. The magnetohydrodynamics of sunspots is so complex, not even the most powerful supercomputers on Earth can predict when they will explode. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor this region for unexpected developments.
Oct 15 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=15&month=10&year=2010
The biggest thing on the sun today is not a sunspot–and it’s not even close. A dark magnetic filament 20 times wider than a typical sunspot is meandering across the sun’s southern hemisphere. It’s so big, astrophotographer Pete Lawrence of Selsey, UK, had to stitch together several pictures to display the entire structure:
The filament is filled with relatively dense plasma held above the stellar surface by magnetic forces. Because this plasma is cooler than the sun below, it appears dark. In fact, it is not. If you could hold the filament out against the black of space, it would glow more brightly than a full Moon.
The 400,000-km scale of the filament–long enough to stretch from Earth to the Moon!–makes it an easy target for safely-filtered backyard optics. If you have a solar telescope, take a look.
Oct 16 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=16&month=10&year=2010
Sunspot 1112 erupted today at 1900 UT, producing the brightest solar flare in nearly three months. Click here to view a movie of the M1-class explosion from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory.
Oct 17 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=17&month=10&year=2010
Fast-growing sunspot 1112 is crackling with solar flares. SDO movies show the three strongest of the past 24 hours: an M3-flare @ 1910 UT on Oct. 16th, a C1-flare @ 0900 UT and another C1-flare @ 1740 UT on Oct. 17th. So far, none of the blasts has hurled a substantial CME toward Earth.
A vast filament of magnetism is cutting across the sun’s southern hemisphere today. Run a finger along the golden-brown line in this extreme UV image from the Solar Dynamics Observatory and your digit will have traveled more than 400,000 km:
A bright ‘hot spot’ just north of the filament’s midpoint is UV radiation from sunspot 1112. The proximity is no coincidence; the filament appears to be rooted in the sunspot below. If the sunspot flares, it could cause the entire structure to erupt.
UPDATE: Yesterday’s M3-flare did not destabilize the filament. Stay tuned, however, because sunspot 1112 is growing and more activity is possible in the hours ahead. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor developments.
Oct 18 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=18&month=10&year=2010
An awesome, monstrous, jaw-dropping, 400,000 km long filament of magnetism is stretched across the sun’s southern hemisphere. If it collapses or erupts, as filaments often do, the result could be an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection. Meanwhile it is a fine target for backyard solar telescopes.
Magnetic instabilities in the filament caused an eruption today around 1600 UT. The filament was not destroyed, nor was material hurled toward Earth. SDO movies: mpeg, m4v.
Oct 19 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=19&month=10&year=2010
For days, astronomers have been monitoring a “mega-filament” of magnetism splayed across the sun’s southern hemisphere. Measuring more than 500,000 km from end to end, it spans a distance greater than the separation of Earth and the Moon. Oct. 18th the massive structure erupted:
Instabilities in the filament sparked a C2-class flare and hurled a portion of the filament’s own magnetic backbone into space. The blast was not Earth-directed. Remarkably, the structure survived mostly intact and is still visible in backyard optics. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor developments.
Oct 24 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=24&month=10&year=2010
NOAA forecasters have downgraded the chance of a severe geomagnetic storm on Oct. 25th to only 1%. Nevertheless, high-latitude sky watchers should remain alert for auroras as a solar wind stream continues to buffet Earth’s magnetic field.
Oct 25 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=25&month=10&year=2010
Sunspot group 1117 more than tripled in size over the weekend: SDO movie. The active region has not yet produced a major eruption, but it is crackling with picturesque B-class solar flares. Stay tuned for updates.
Oct 26 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=26&month=10&year=2010
Sunspot group 1117 continues to grow, more than doubling in area during the past 48 hours: movie. Each of the primary dark cores in this Oct. 26th snapshot from the Solar Dynamics Observatory is fully as wide as Earth:
The sunspot’s magnetic field is crackling with B- and C-class solar flares: 36-hour movie. So far, these impulsive eruptions have not hurled any substantial clouds toward Earth. A big flare would be geoeffective, however, because the sunspot is almost-squarely facing Earth. Stay tuned!
Oct 27 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=27&month=10&year=2010
Behemoth sunspot 1117 is not merely growing, it is transmogrifying. Click on the image to launch a two-day movie from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (8 MB):
Since yesterday, the shape-shifting sunspot has developed a “beta-gamma” magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar flares. Any such eruptions will likely be geoeffective because the sunspot is almost-squarely facing Earth. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor developments.
Oct 28 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=28&month=10&year=2010
Earlier today (Oct. 28th) a twisted filament of magnetism on the sun suddenly untwisted. The result was a spectacular eruption recorded in full-disk detail by NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory. Click on the image to set the scene in motion:
At its peak, the twister–or rather, untwister–towered more than 350,000 km above the stellar surface. It appears to have hurled a fragment of itself into space, but not toward Earth; the blast was not geoeffective.
Now that the filament has relaxed, it is unlikely to erupt again. The next blast is more likely to come from big sunspot 1117, which NOAA forecasters say could produce an M-class solar flare. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor developments.
Oct 30 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=30&month=10&year=2010
Sunspot 1117 is now so large, it can be seen without the aid of a solar telescope. Mohamad Soltanolkottabi “spotted it” this morning when the sun was rising over Esfahan, Iran:
“I took this photo while climbing up Sofe mountain,” says Soltanolkottabi. “It was a good way to start the day.”
Although the sunspot is big–its primary core is four times wider than Earth–it is also quiet. The sunspot’s magnetic field has relaxed into an uncomplicated state that seems to pose little threat for solar flares. There is, however, a high probability of photo-ops. Stay tuned.
Nov 2 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=02&month=11&year=2010
Remember that spectacular mega-filament of magnetism sprawling across the sun’s southern hemisphere in October? It’s back….almost. For the past 10 days, the filament has been out of sight transiting the farside of the sun. This image from NASA’s STEREO-B spacecraft suggests that the magnificent structure is about to return:
STEREO-B is stationed above the sun’s eastern limb with a good view of things just over the horizon. The ultraviolet hotspot pictured above is where the filament would be if it is still intact. A continuing series of eruptions like this one might have decimated the structure, leaving it in tatters. We’ll find out soon enough. Solar rotation is turning the region toward Earth and it should begin to be visible around Nov. 5th. Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor developments.
Nov 3 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=03&month=11&year=2010
An active region just over the sun’s eastern horizon is crackling with solar flares and hurling material high above the stellar surface. This extreme ultraviolet movie from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory shows the strongest blast so far, a C4-class event at 1220 UT on Nov. 3rd:
Nov 4 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=04&month=11&year=2010
An active sunspot is about to emerge over the sun’s southeastern horizon. It announced itself yesterday with a C4-class flare that hurled material high above the stellar surface, shown here in a movie from NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory:
Although the explosion happened behind the limb of the sun, it nevertheless yielded enough x-radiation to produce a wave of ionization in Earth’s upper atmosphere. Researcher Rob Stammes recorded a sudden ionospheric disturbance (SID) when the wave passed over his lab in Laukvik, Norway. (Learn more about SIDs here.) Without even showing itself, the sunspot is already geoeffective.
The source of this activity appears to be old active region 1112. It crossed the Earth-facing side of the sun back in October, a sunspot dragging a magnificent filament of magnetism behind it. Two weeks later, AR1112 t is coming around for a second pass. Yesterday’s eruption may be read as “hello, I’m back.” Readers with solar telescopes are encouraged to monitor developments.
Nov 6 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=07&month=11&year=2010
Active sunspot 1121 has unleashed one of the brightest x-ray solar flares in years, an M5.4-class eruption at 15:36 UT on Nov. 6th.
Radiation from the flare created a wave of ionization in Earth’s upper atmosphere that altered the propagation of low-frequency radio waves. There was, however, no bright CME (plasma cloud) hurled in our direction, so the event is unlikely to produce auroras in the nights ahead. This is the third M-flare in as many days from this increasingly active sunspot. So far none of the eruptions has been squarely Earth-directed, but this could change in the days ahead as the sun’s rotation turns the active region toward our planet. Now might be a good time to sign up for space weather alerts.
Nov 8 2010
(Source:) http://spaceweather.com/archive.php?view=1&day=08&month=11&year=2010
Prompted by a recent increase in solar activity, more than a hundred researchers and government officials are converging on Helwan, Egypt, this week to discuss the peril of storms from the sun.